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Commonly known as Premenstrual Syndrome, Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) is recurrent. It affects approximately 40% of women between 16 and 45 years of age. But despite that only 3-5% severely affected.
This means that the diversity and severity of symptoms (physical and behavioral) causes the observed variability in how women affected adapt.
Premenstrual Syndrome
The SPM is defined by a set of symptoms, physical and behavioral, which occur in the second half of the menstrual cycle (they start in the week before menstruation and disappear with the onset of menses) and which often affect the quality of life of women. These recurrent symptoms are followed by a period completely asymptomatic.
Symptoms vary from woman to woman, and this dysfunction is related to over 150 symptoms.
The imbalance between estrogen and progesterone, prolactin excess, deficiency of vitamins B6 and E, inappropriate activity of prostaglandins and changes in the action of endorphins and serotonin are among the factors related to their occurrence.
Clinical Manifestations
The reviews have listed a large number of somatic and psychological symptoms associated with PMS.
Overall, somatic symptoms relate to water retention, breast tenderness or breast pain, and pain satellites, such as headaches and abdominal pain or headache. The psychological symptoms ranging from irritability and tension to anxiety, aggression and depression.
The diagnosis is based solely on clinical and treatment involves changing behavioral habits, such as performing regular physical activity and eating a diet rich in protein and low in salt in the second phase of the cycle and also the use of medicines.
Diagnostic Approach
Result of its aetiology is through the framework reported by patients that is made construction of the treatment. First, and as in any other case, it is important to understand clearly the symptoms of these patients before initiating therapy. After a thorough examination is necessary to seek outwit any other causes which may influence the symptoms. Then it is necessary that the patient keep a diary of their symptoms during two consecutive menstrual cycles. At the end of two cycles symptoms referenced should be reviewed carefully and discussed, giving emphasis to the symptoms that cause the most discomfort or disability.
PMS is important to differentiate from other diseases with similar symptoms. Patients with psychopathology, such as different types of depression, anxiety and psychosis, can be convinced that exhibit PMS. A key difference is that the patients who suffer from PMS symptoms exacerbated see in the luteal phase (after ovulation).
The diagnosis of PMS is therefore done by a diary of symptoms and by eliminating other possible causes responsible for identifiable clinical reported.
Therapeutic Orientation
Although many women suffer from symptoms related to PMS, only 3% to 5% are severely affected. Thus, the selection of drugs and other therapies should be aligned to the needs of the symptomatic patient in question and after analysis of their clinical status.
The patient should be encouraged to exercise at least three or four times a week, mainly in the luteal phase. A good diet plan is also recommended. You can also choose to add a diuretic that potassium espolio not to the therapeutic regimen if the patient complains of swelling during this phase of the cycle.
In severe cases, the ansiolitic seem to have merit in controlling the symptoms of PMS. Studies show that inhibitors selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors are also effective for the treatment of PMS.
Finally, it warned that the SPM should be, by definition, associated with symptoms that interfere seriously with the quality of life of women. Consequently, a principle here that should be taken into account in all its dimensions is that the decision to treat should be based, among other variables, primarily on the willingness of patients to improve symptoms.
Pay attention
Listen to your body. Visit the gynaecologist annually for a professional evaluation of your case.
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